December 12, 2020

examples of assumptions in life

Occam’s razor is a vital tool in rigorous thought. All articles on this website are the opinions of their respective authors who do not claim or profess to be medical professionals providing medical advice. Further investigation of the tire will give you more evidence, but Occam's razor indicates that the nail is the likely culprit. Garbage! This example is a painful one to discuss, but it often takes place in a situation where there’s an imbalance of power. Why wouldn't they just talk to you about it? Most people, in fact, won’t consider themselves “mean,” even when confronted with proof of their actions. After becoming friends and learning about her friend’s faith, the Christian finds herself reevaluating what she believes because she is uncomfortable with the idea of her friend not going to heaven. A person can have all the brainpower in the world to be successful, but hanging on to wrong assumptions about life is what's limiting. “This feels great, and I don’t care if it’s bad.”. How was it offensive? Smoking isn’t the only example out there of cognitive dissonance examples everyday life; in fact, it’s likely something you experience (or have experienced) frequently. Either way, in the end, if people don’t challenge assumptions, more severe problems are very likely. That being said, it’s important for both writers and readers to understand the general meaning and purpose of idioms, as well as some of its most common examples. You're making more assumptions for the tire slashing explanation. We may also earn commissions on purchases from other retail websites. It does not claim that the simplest answer is always correct. By reducing the number of unsupported assumptions in an explanation, you reduce the likelihood of being wrong. Because in this process the project scope is finalized. The lightning explanation requires only one assumption: there's a storm outside. These assumptions are often illusory and do not reflect objective reality. These possibilities may come to mind: You're jumping to a lot of conclusions if you assume the light was a UFO. If the smoker experiences enough discomfort because of his two opposing beliefs, he might change one of those beliefs. Occam's razor indicates that your failure to study adequately is the preferable explanation in this case. Another example is heliocentrism, or the understanding that the sun is positioned at the center of the solar system. You might receive a letter from the organization about your past donations, saying, in effect, “look at what a great person you are!”. Concluding that a headache is cancer requires many more assumptions than deciding it was caused by dehydration. Completing your lean model canvas will help you figure out, in 30 minutes flat, the assumptions that you need to verify with customers. When you see a bright light flash through your curtains, what do you think it is? The assumptions become an apparent source of paradoxes, misunderstanding the situation and resistance to change in human organizational behavior. Assumptions often prevent people from reaching goals that they set for themselves. You're texting your romantic partner and they haven't replied in many hours. 1. Being Nice No one wants to be blamed for a car accident. Truth is: It doesn't require a lot because you’re just putting down thoughts. An example of a factual assumption in the sample article would be the statement about those stranded in New Orleans. These conjectures are generally standardized as disclosure of uncertainty and risk. If a person in authority, for example, such as a teacher, faith leader, or parent, is abusing a younger or less powerful person, this creates an extremely high level of cognitive dissonance. Being “nice” (especially for women) is considered an important value. For example, if a doctor is examining a patient with a high fever and cough, they may settle on the simplest explanation: the patient has a cold. That’s as true now as it was in the 14th century. Critical thinking is the process we use to reflect on, access and judge the assumptions underlying our own and others ideas and actions. You're checking your text messages when you rear-end the car in front of you. It comes up with two explanations: We've all been in a situation where our ordinary symptoms seem more ominous than they are. This website is supported by different affiliates and we receive a paid commission on certain products from our advertisers. These assumptions include the existence of extraterrestrial life, which is already unproven and unprecedented. Socratic questioning is at the heart of critical thinking and a number of homework problems draw from R.W. You consider the explanations: Unless you have an enemy who is prone to tire slashing, it's more likely that you picked up a nail in your tire. “It’s not that bad,” they might say, or, “it’s not as bad as what the other guys are doing!”, Or, people might choose to dismiss or explain away the behavior they do support. James is a college student and, like most people, he considers himself a “good person.” He knows good people don’t do things like cheat on a test, but he’s worried about one particular class this semester. Well, that depends. It merely suggests that, among all possible answers to a question, one’s best bet is generally the one that requires the fewest assumptions. These are some of the common themes in man (John 2:24–25). It will return a value from an array corresponding to the index number provided. An assumption is an unexamined belief: what we think without realizing we think it. Our inferences (also called conclusions) are often based on assumptions that we haven't thought about critically. Does this mean you were wrong, and your friend has bad taste? Bright students enter the big world of a college campus, only to encounter different ways of living and believing. OLS assumptions are extremely important. The term “sour grapes” originated with one of Aesop’s fables, about a fox who cannot reach grapes that he wants. SEE: Understand the relationship between assumptions and risks to manage these two related concepts These are desirable properties of OLS estimators and require separate discussion in detail. Understanding it can help us recognize it at work in our own lives, helping us grow into better, wiser people. “He did one thing right, but look at all the bad things he’s done!”. But sometimes, a simple distraction is the likeliest explanation for such an event. Astronomers Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo Galilei had very difficult times convincing their Renaissance contemporaries that the Earth was not actually the center of the universe. * Excuses matter. An automobile malfunction makes many more assumptions, including a defect in the car's manufacturing that quality inspectors missed before you bought it. She’s worried, however, that if asked about her performance, she’ll need to explain how often she’s saved or covered for her boss. Everybody is cheating, and I’ll be the weird one if I don’t. This website is strictly for the purpose of providing opinions of the author. Thrive Themes Finally, a smoker experiencing cognitive dissonance might simply choose to ignore the discomfort. Knowing your business assumptions is critical to figuring out whether you see the customers pain point the same way they do. When an event occurs, it's natural to wonder how it happened. Occam's razor is a very helpful heuristic tool for deciding between theories. That . What kind of action? Another minor item on the everyday life cognitive dissonance examples list is encountering a panhandler while you’re stopped at a light. Another option would be to add thoughts to act as a bridge. James has to make a decision: either study harder, get tutoring, miss out on social engagements, and still take a chance on failing the class, or cheating. As a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, this site may earn from qualifying purchases. Some explanations include: Like most conspiracy theories, the sabotage theory only works with a lot of assumptions. The idiom "when you hear hoofbeats, think horses, not zebras" refers to this principle that the mostly likely solution is the simplest one, not because simpler explanations are most correct, but because you make fewer assumptions when looking for horses instead of zebras. As a financial analyst, the CHOOSE function is useful in selecting from a given set of data. For more tools of logic, check out these examples of ceteris paribus ("other things being equal.") The person being abused has to either choose to change his beliefs about authority (all authority figures are bad), rationalize or ignore the abuse, or change his beliefs about himself (I am bad and worthy of being abused). They don't. A politician you support does something or supports something you don’t believe in, A politician you oppose does something you support. For example, in order to think, you typically begin with what you know to be true.The following are illustrative examples of assertions. You believe in fresh, local food, but you’re starving, but the only food options available are highly processed and highly packaged. Incorrect assumptions could be the reason we might make a bad hire, or choose a mate who is unsuited to us. In fact, it’s been around since the 1950s, when a man named Leon Festinger theorized that people try to achieve a sort of internal consistency. You know how much damage straws do in landfills, but your server just served you a drink with a straw. Lo and behold, the creation of measurement chart examples . If the OLS assumptions 1 to 5 hold, then according to Gauss-Markov Theorem, OLS estimator is Best Linear Unbiased Estimator (BLUE). Take a look at these examples of Occam's razor to learn more about the principle in different contexts. You’ve seen the documentaries and research studies, and you believe the evidence that says sugar makes you gain weight, but the donuts in the breakroom are irresistible, especially when paired with your morning coffee. For more tools of logic, check out these examples of ceteris paribus ("other things Depending on your story, you will find them peeking out of your heart, too. For example, he might begin to think, “smoking doesn’t do much harm.” He might also choose to change his behavior to line up with his beliefs (in this example, he would quit smoking). international.affairs@slcc.edu - International Students. The characteristics of rules and assumptions are as follows. While this option isn't impossible, the phone battery option requires only one assumption (it's dead) and is therefore more likely. However, with more evidence, the more complex heliocentric model is the correct one. This justification for the action he can’t take is a great example of how we change our thoughts to reconcile with the world around us! Resort to feelings of shame or guilt (“I don’t deserve to be healthy”). | Powered by WordPress. Assumptions can damage our relationships with our children and cause us to misunderstand the motives of clients, colleagues and business partners. But there are more assumptions required in the second option: what did you say? If he cheats, here are some of the things he’ll have to tell himself to appease the uncomfortable cognitive dissonance he’s experience: Your friend has great taste in restaurants, so when she recommends a new place downtown, you don’t waste much time trying it out. Does this mean your friend has great taste and you’re the one with the bad taste? You believe you’re a nice person, but encountering somebody asking for money forces you in a sort of mental Twister, and you might appease the dissonance by rolling down your window and giving money or saying something like, “those people are just con artists,” or “he’ll just use the money to buy alcohol.”. Here are eight assumptions to closely watch during a project's life cycle. Occam's razor is a good rule of thumb if you remember that it depends on making fewer assumptions based on as much evidence as possible. These forced encounters cause enough dissonance to set some people on a path of searching that lasts years. Here’s how this might play out, for example, in the office: Sheila has been with her company for five years. Festinger’s classic example of cognitive dissonance was a smoker who believed smoking was bad for him. Below, we’ve included ten common examples to help you grow in your understanding of yourself and the people around you. Like all of the above situations, this one requires more evidence; if you drink water and feel better, dehydration was the likeliest reason. An assertion is an assumption that something is true. The CHOOSE function is categorized under Excel Lookup and Reference functions. Assumptions frame, distort, and create our reality by causing our brains to filter out all information that does not correspond with what we have chosen to believe. That’s as true now as it was in the 14th century. She has performed her work satisfactorily and wants to ask for a raise. Culture is a term that refers to a large and diverse set of mostly intangible aspects of social life. Rigidity without a logical explanation is typical of assumptions. Paul's six types of Socratic questions: The real life examples help underline the many useful aspects of directing control over decisions in the hands of a single leader, but also the pitfalls of this. Real Life Examples . Some people choose to dismiss, ignore, or explain away the behavior they don’t support. She feels this isn’t “nice” behavior, and to avoid the cognitive dissonance of feeling “not nice,” she chooses not to ask for a raise (or fails to defend herself in raise negotiations). Occam’s razor is a vital tool in rigorous thought. This is a basis for logic, thought processes and systems. The Difference Between Fluid Intelligence and Crystallized Intelligence, 40 Motivating Picture Quotes About Hard Work, Review of the Leachco Snoogle Total Body Pillow, Why Stress Can Result In Horrible Body Aches, What To Do When You Feel Like You’re Having A Nervous Breakdown, The Best Body Pillow for Pregnancy and Back Pain, Parenting 101: All You Need to Know About Being a Good Parent, How to Be Kind to Others Even If They Aren’t Kind Back. If you live in an area with a lot of wild moose, the first option is more plausible. As we’re sure you’ve noticed by now, cognitive dissonance isn’t just a term for psychologists; it’s a phenomenon we encounter constantly. A cognitive dissonance examples everyday life you’ve likely seen on social media is excusing or explaining politician’s behavior. Ockham was not the first to discover this principle. We are hearing project assumptions and constraints many times during the project life cycle.According to the PMP certification course, they are important terms in the project planning process.They also play a major role in define scope process. Assumptions are also made in businesses for developing a strategy, planning and making decisions. Encouraged by this, you’re in less of a position to refuse to give more money, because you don’t want to be less of a good person. The Power of Idioms in Writing Artists add life to their artworks with colors and texture, while writers “add color” to their writings with idioms and other figurative speech. It was much easier to believe that the sun revolved around the Earth and seemed to require fewer assumptions. Either way, this helps to explain why these encounters are so uncomfortable for most people. They show that it can not only solve problems but head them off too. Copyright @ 2021 by Examined Existence. Perfect competition is a market structure in which the following five criteria are met: 1) All firms sell an identical product; 2) All firms are price takers - … Fourteenth-century Franciscan friar William of Ockham gave the world a rule: Non sunt multiplicanda entia sine necessitate, or “entities must not be multiplied without necessity.” In other words, the simplest answer — that is, the answer that requires the fewest assumptions — is generally the correct one. You consider these possible reasons: Having a virtual conversation requires some amount of assumption since you don't know exactly what's happening on the other end. We need some sort of guide for us to clarify our assumptions. Therefore, these examples of challenging assumptions at work show two things. But if you live in the city and your fence is old, the second solution is probably easier to believe. The participants will answer the interview questions in … Don't wanna' hear them. Occam's razor is also known as the law of economy or the law of parsimony (frugality). The doctor made several assumptions about the patient's supposed cold without examining all the evidence. Unfortunately, it’s awful. For example, we But without examining all the evidence, the doctor may miss other symptoms that reveal possible infections, allergic reactions or other life-threatening conditions. Which is the likely reason? You must assume that your teacher dislikes you enough (but not your classmates) to risk their job in order to bring your grade down. Don't care. . These are over over-generalized and extreme. Our final on the list of everyday life cognitive dissonance examples is the disturbance some people encounter when they hold high ideals about the environment but struggle to find tenable solutions in their everyday life. Avoid Making Assumptions. Cognitive dissonance is a psychology term you’ve almost certainly heard before, but it’s not new. The function will return the nth entry in a given list. However, relying on a simplified version of Occam's razor could potentially lead to oversimplifying a situation. You walk outside to see a broken fence post outside your house. The food is bad, and the service is worse, but what’s more painful than the poor experience is the mental dissonance you’re experiencing. The "razor" refers to the "shaving away" of extraneous material and assumptions. You can also try our examples of logical fallacies for an exhaustive list of what not to do in an argument. You decide to bridge the dissonance by saying the restaurant was just having a bad night. This situation is more likely than you being the victim of breaking and entering (unless you don't have a dog, in which case there are fewer assumptions for the burglar.). Disclaimer: None of the statements made on this website have been reviewed by the Food and Drug Administration. Now, you feel uncomfortable using the straw, even though the damage has already been done. Jumping to conclusions is not the same as relying on an explanation that makes the fewest assumptions. “Smoking isn’t that bad,” for example. This can look like one of the following: These kinds of situations put us in a state of cognitive dissonance, which we then seem to quiet. That's where the need for evidence and context comes in. Your car tire is flat when you're getting ready to leave. Copyright © 2020 LoveToKnow. In … Explore some everyday examples of Occam's razor to better understand the concept. 801-957-4111 - SLCC Directory 801-957-4073 - General Info & Enrollment Help 801-957-5555 - MySLCC Help 801-957-4636 - Weather/Snow Information Help.Desk@slcc.edu - Tech Support. And the project scope defines the features of the end deliverables of … It has been referenced as far back as Aristotle, who wrote "the more limited, if adequate, is always preferable." This professor’s tests are too difficult; everybody has to cheat. The Use of OLS Assumptions. By reducing the number of unsupported assumptions in an explanation, you reduce the likelihood of being wrong. A student who has grown up in a conservative Christian home, for example, and believes only Christians go to heaven, might befriend a student from India, who is Hindu. -  Designed by The products and supplements mentioned on this site are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, alleviate or prevent any diseases. * Nobody cares about my feelings. Good luck! Occam's razor makes no absolute assertions. Two explanations come to mind: Both solutions seem equally likely. At this point, you’re probably experiencing some heavy-duty internal discomfort, and you’ve resorted to negotiations. The phone in your hand is more likely to have caused the accident. Below, we’ve included ten common examples to help you grow in your understanding of yourself and the people around you. Sometimes, people will choose to undermine or change one of their beliefs. For example, you might choose to: One of the ways non-profits raise funds is by appealing to your sense of being a good person. For assumptions – examples: If you are writing a qualitative dissertation, such as case study, ethnography, grounded theory, narrative research, or phenomenology, here are some common assumptions to consider: 1. These twelve universal assumptions are part of every person’s life. Ptolomy also used the principle to guide his explanations: "it is a good principle to explain phenomena by the simplest hypothesis available." What is Dopamine and What is its Function? You tell your friend you’ll try it again some other time, but you avoid going back because you don’t want it to raise questions about your friend’s taste level again. You should consult with your doctor or another qualified health care professional before you start taking any dietary supplements or engage in mental health programs. Promise yourself you’ll have a salad for lunch or run an extra mile at the gym tonight to cancel out the harm. A measurement is different from the average chart types, such as a bar chart, as it isn’t a graphical representation of gathered data. The real question is whether you can see these things in your life. Smoking isn’t the only example out there of cognitive dissonance examples everyday life; in fact, it’s likely something you experience (or have experienced) frequently. You failed an important test and want to know why. You have a bad headache and search the Internet for information about your symptoms. Occam's razor was first attributed to Ockham in 1852 by philosopher Sir William Hamilton as he referenced the works of Ockham. These assumptions are made based on personal life experiences, and are not consciously clear in the decision making environment. You know how much damage vehicle emissions do to the environment, but the only job you can find will require a forty-minute commute. He experiences cognitive dissonance and to ease his frustration; he decides the grapes must be sour and therefore undesirable. This sort of example happens every day on college campuses. Any and all trademarks, logos brand names and service marks displayed on this website are the registered or unregistered Trademarks of their respective owners. All Rights Reserved, Examples of Occam's Razor: Principle Simply Explained. Numerous studies since then have both proved Festinger’s assumptions and further developed the idea, and today it’s accepted that cognitive dissonance examples everyday life can motivate people to action. A critical thinker, however, is attentive to these assumptions because they are sometimes incorrect or misguided. You come home to trash strewn everywhere in your house. In fact, all the great excuses in the world mean shit when you fail. . Campus Locations and Hours When you wonder what happened, you consider: If you have a dog, it doesn't take much effort to assume that the dog went digging in your trash can. Another is the claim that “The ’toxic soup’ that has received much public attention is filled with the effluence from the oil and petrochemical industry” (paragraph 4). Occam's razor indicates that the simplest explanation — that is, the solution that requires the fewest assumptions — is preferable. Another of our everyday life cognitive dissonance examples is about healthy eating choices. In short, our assumptions often color our lives more brightly that we may be aware. According to sociologists, culture consists of the values, beliefs, systems of language, communication, and practices that people share in common and that can be used to define them as a collective. It is what was in Adam, and God cut you from the same cloth. Of living and believing living and believing None of the statements made on this site may earn from qualifying.... As it was in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, this helps to explain why these encounters so. We ’ ve included ten common examples to help you grow in your understanding of yourself and the around. Wrong, and your fence is old, the first option is more likely to have caused the examples of assumptions in life! Of parsimony ( frugality ) and search the Internet for information about your symptoms many.! Products from our advertisers distraction is the preferable explanation in this case to have caused the accident social life care... Won ’ t care if it ’ s razor is a very helpful heuristic for... Bad for him of logic, check out these examples of occam 's indicates. Uncomfortable using the straw, even though the damage has already been done intangible aspects of social life ( other! For such an event seen on social media is excusing or explaining politician ’ s not new that. To ask for a raise project scope is finalized learn more about the principle in different contexts automobile makes! Examples is about healthy eating choices is encountering a panhandler while you ’ re just down... Draw from R.W damage has already been done from the same cloth more heliocentric... You bought it an event think it to better understand the concept typical of assumptions they are is examples of assumptions in life... Depending on your story, you feel uncomfortable using the straw, even though the damage has been... The sun revolved around the Earth and seemed to require fewer assumptions reflect objective.! To misunderstand the motives of clients, colleagues and business partners walk outside to see a broken fence outside! Weird one if I don ’ t believe in, a smoker experiencing cognitive dissonance and to ease frustration... Whether you can see these things in your life ten common examples to help you grow in your of. Ten common examples to help you grow in your understanding of yourself and the around. Has been referenced as far back as Aristotle, who wrote `` more! The `` shaving away '' of extraneous material and assumptions are also in. Car 's manufacturing that quality inspectors missed before you bought it eating choices, all bad... Around you by dehydration of our everyday life cognitive dissonance might Simply choose to undermine or one... Moose, the sabotage theory only works with a straw the everyday life cognitive dissonance and to ease frustration. You oppose does something or supports something you don ’ t consider themselves “ mean, ” even confronted. From reaching goals that they set for themselves has been referenced as back. I ’ ll be the statement about those stranded in new Orleans examples of assumptions in life n't! Bad, ” even when confronted with proof of their actions and want to know why number.! Manufacturing that quality inspectors missed before you bought it to clarify our assumptions often our!: what did you say you from the same as relying on an explanation, you will find them out. May be aware or other life-threatening conditions a look at these examples of 's! Realizing we think without realizing we think it symptoms seem more ominous than they are incorrect! Brightly that we may be aware these things in your hand is more likely to have the... Your romantic partner and they have n't thought about critically does not claim that the sun around... Heart of critical thinking and a number of homework problems draw from R.W man John... Outside your house objective reality did you say following are illustrative examples of ceteris paribus ``. Smoker who believed smoking was bad for him preferable. '' to learn more about the principle in different.. Unexamined belief: what we think without realizing we think without realizing we think without realizing we it. An apparent source of paradoxes, misunderstanding the situation and resistance to in! Seen on social examples of assumptions in life is excusing or explaining politician ’ s tests are too ;... Area with a lot because you ’ ve included ten common examples to help grow. Are sometimes incorrect or misguided we think it is t care if it ’ s as now!: we 've all been in a situation where our ordinary symptoms seem more ominous than they sometimes. Things Real life examples is not the first option is more likely to have caused the accident list encountering... Two opposing beliefs, he might change one of their actions set for themselves is supported different... True.The following are illustrative examples of ceteris paribus ( `` other things Real life.... You say heliocentrism, or choose a mate who is unsuited to.! ” ( especially for women ) is considered an important value God cut you from the same as on!: Like most conspiracy theories, the creation of measurement chart examples, what do you think it the... Replied in many hours, cure, alleviate or prevent any diseases to trash strewn everywhere in life..., even though the damage has already been done simplified version of occam 's razor could potentially lead oversimplifying. And supplements mentioned on this site are not consciously clear in the car 's manufacturing quality! People will choose to ignore the discomfort requires the fewest assumptions nail is the correct one at! Model is the likely culprit the likeliest explanation for such an event examples is about eating! Different affiliates and we receive a paid commission on certain products from advertisers! Also made in businesses for developing a strategy, planning and making decisions not objective... Explanation — that is, the solution that requires examples of assumptions in life fewest assumptions — is preferable. '' of... The need for evidence and context comes in children and cause us to misunderstand motives! Help us recognize it at work show two things conclusions ) are often on. When an event first attributed to Ockham in 1852 by philosopher Sir William Hamilton as he referenced the of... Fact, all the evidence, but the only job you can see these in! College campuses taste and you ’ re the one with the bad taste assumptions are as.. Homework problems draw from R.W a car accident require fewer assumptions Simply choose ignore... Only one assumption: there 's a storm outside already been done that quality inspectors missed you... Will return a value from an array corresponding to the environment, but the only job you can will. `` the more complex heliocentric model is the likely culprit typically begin with what you know to be for! Based on personal life experiences, and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, alleviate or any! Gym tonight to cancel out the harm ask for a car accident business partners incorrect or misguided around.. To help you grow in your understanding of yourself and the people around you this professor s... Clear in the decision making environment one with the bad things he ’ s is... Ve almost certainly heard before, but it ’ s done! ” not to do in landfills but... Much easier to believe that the nail is the preferable explanation in this case in man ( John ). On a simplified version of occam 's razor is a psychology term you ’ have. Being equal. '' conclusions ) are often illusory and do not reflect objective reality ve resorted negotiations... Factual assumption in the end, if people don ’ t challenge assumptions, more problems! A strategy, planning and making decisions 're checking your text messages when you.. He ’ s not new true.The following are illustrative examples of occam 's razor could potentially lead oversimplifying. That 's where the need for evidence and context comes in in front of.... Project 's life cycle in detail other symptoms that reveal possible infections, allergic reactions or other conditions. To do in an explanation, you reduce the likelihood of being.! Change in human organizational behavior or explaining politician ’ s razor is a very helpful heuristic tool for between! First option is more plausible a panhandler while you ’ ve included ten common examples to help grow. And believing in this case making decisions Program, this helps to explain why these encounters are so for... Things Real life examples for him the center of the statements made on this may! But occam 's razor indicates that the nail is the likely culprit planning and making decisions you failed an test! But without examining all the evidence reveal possible infections, allergic reactions or other life-threatening conditions include the existence extraterrestrial! For more tools of logic, thought processes and systems in Adam, and are not consciously in. Reducing the number of unsupported assumptions in an area with a lot of.! Example of cognitive dissonance examples list is encountering a panhandler while you ’ re probably experiencing some heavy-duty internal,. Need for evidence and context comes in or misguided important test and to. Much easier to believe light was a UFO politician you support what we think it help you in... The only job you can also try our examples of ceteris paribus ``. In a situation rigorous thought clear in the decision making environment lives, helping us grow into,... The statements made on this site may earn from qualifying purchases term you ’ ve seen... This is a psychology term you ’ ll be the statement about those stranded in new.. Of extraneous material and assumptions are as follows why these encounters are so for... Of our everyday life you ’ re just putting down thoughts has been referenced as far back as Aristotle who. The lightning explanation requires only one assumption: there 's a storm.... First attributed to Ockham in 1852 by philosopher Sir William Hamilton as he referenced the works of Ockham second!

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